PD-1 ligands, negative regulators for activation of naive, memory, and recently activated human CD4+ T cells

G Cai, A Karni, EML Oliveira, HL Weiner, DA Hafler… - Cellular …, 2004 - Elsevier
We examined the role of the PD-1 pathway on the activation of naïve, memory, and recently
activated human CD4+ T cells to test whether they responded differently. PD-1 ligand
blockade modestly enhanced the percentage of responding T cells and production of IFN-γ
in a primary response to myelin basic protein (MBP) in normal donors. PD-1 ligand blockade
strongly enhanced proliferation and cytokine production by memory or recently activated T
cells (tetanus toxoid and MBP). Blockade of PD-L1 alone had more effect than PD-L2 …